This is the quick-reference index of every plant in Jai Nursery, India's free bilingual growing companion. Open the app for the full experience — region-wise suitability for your climate, Hindi & English, varieties and choosing guides, organic feeding, AI growing guides, photo plant identification and disease diagnosis, and care reminders. Open the app →
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam, tolerates alkaline · Sowing/Planting: Aug–Sep or Feb–Mar · Harvest: Fruits yr 2–3
Bikaner's signature crop. Feed gobar compost + jeevamrit at flowering; go easy on water near ripening to avoid fruit splitting.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate, cut at flowering · Temperature: 15–35°C · Soil: Deep well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Jan (dormant cutting) · Harvest: May–Jun (yr 2+)
Prune hard every January — fruit comes only on new shoots from last year's canes. Overhead pergola shades the trunk.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Any, even poor sandy · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug · Harvest: Winter
Nearly indestructible in desert heat. Prune after fruiting to keep it compact and productive.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained, wide pH tolerance · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug or Feb–Mar · Harvest: Winter crop best
Bag fruit against fruit-fly. A neem-cake drench each season keeps roots healthy organically.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–38°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (cutting) · Harvest: Summer
Loves dry heat and thrives in pots. Water deeply but let soil dry between — it hates wet feet.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug · Harvest: Nearly year-round
Protect young plants from frost. Foliar spray of diluted cow urine + panchagavya greens up chlorotic leaves.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 24–35°C · Soil: Deep well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Sep (grafted) · Harvest: May–Jul (yr 3+)
Amrapali is semi-dwarf — ideal for pots/small spaces. Frost-protect for first 2–3 winters in Bikaner.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Well-drained, poor soils fine · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug · Harvest: Autumn
Hardy semi-arid native. Shade young plants their first summer, then leave to fend for themselves.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 30–45°C · Soil: Sandy, salt-tolerant · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (offshoot) · Harvest: Summer (yr 4+)
Made for the Thar. Needs a hot dry ripening season — exactly what Bikaner delivers.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Any well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug · Harvest: Monsoon–autumn
Thorny, drought-proof hedge that fruits for pickles & jam. Almost zero maintenance once set.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate, no waterlogging · Temperature: 22–35°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul · Harvest: 8–10 months
Frost kills it — grow in a sheltered warm corner. Plant a few for a mix of male/female/bisexual plants.
Sun: Full sun · Water: High / regular · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Rich deep well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul (suckers) · Harvest: 12–15 months
A heavy feeder and drinker — mulch thickly and feed compost + jeevamrit. Shelter from strong wind.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: Cool; needs winter chilling · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jan–Feb (grafted, dormant) · Harvest: Fruits in 4–6 yrs
A temperate-hills crop needing 1000+ chilling hours — ideal in HP/Uttarakhand, not the plains.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–35°C, mild winter · Soil: Deep well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Aug–Sep (air-layer) · Harvest: Fruits in 4–5 yrs
Loves humid sub-tropics (Bihar, Bengal). Needs a cool dry spell to flower; frost- and loo-sensitive when young.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (grafted) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–5 yrs
A coastal/humid tropical tree — struggles in dry heat and frost, but a steady bearer once established.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C humid · Soil: Deep well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul · Harvest: Fruits in 4–7 yrs
A huge humid-tropical tree — give it space and moisture; frost-tender when young.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 22–32°C humid · Soil: Well-drained slightly acidic sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Any (suckers / crown) · Harvest: 18–24 months
Humid-climate crop (NE, coastal). Grows from the leafy crown; tolerates partial shade.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate; low near harvest · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Sandy loam, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (Zaid) · Harvest: 80–100 days
A summer sandy-soil crop that loves heat. Cut water as fruit ripens for sweetness.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar · Harvest: 75–90 days
A heat-loving Zaid crop, ideal for dry sandy soils. Reduce water as it ripens.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (budded) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
Big in Maharashtra/AP. Feed and manage like lemon; watch for citrus canker.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (budded) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
Nagpur/Coorg belt. Prefers a mild climate with a dry spell; frost-tender when young.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Any — tolerates poor & alkaline · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (budded) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
Extremely hardy in arid, saline and poor soils — a superb low-care Rajasthan fruit.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Wide range; tolerates salinity & waterlogging · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug · Harvest: Fruits in 5–7 yrs
A tough, large shade tree — drought- and flood-tolerant once established.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Rich well-drained, slightly acidic · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Oct (runners) · Harvest: 60–90 days
A cool-season crop (hills, winter plains). Grow in raised beds/pots with mulch and steady moisture.
Sun: Full sun (shade young plants in extreme heat) · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam — must not stay wet · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Fruits in 1–2 yrs
A climbing cactus — grow it up a sturdy post with a support ring on top. Drought-hardy, but fruits best with drip and organic feed; night-flowering, so hand-pollinate red types for a good set. Shade young stems from the peak Rajasthan sun.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Tolerates poor, alkaline, dry soil · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (graft/seed) · Harvest: Fruits in 4–5 yrs
An extremely drought- and heat-hardy sacred tree — once established it needs almost no care; the aromatic pulp makes a cooling sherbet.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 25–45°C · Soil: Well-drained loam, tolerates poor soil · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (prune) / Jun–Jul · Harvest: Fruits in 1 yr (on new wood)
A hardy summer shrub — prune hard in winter because it fruits on new growth; the tangy berries are a prized hot-weather cooler.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Deep, well-drained; tolerates poor soil · Sowing/Planting: Jul–Aug (graft/seed) · Harvest: Fruits in 4–6 yrs (graft sooner)
A long-lived, drought-proof shade tree — slow to start but almost care-free once grown; grafted plants fruit far earlier than seedlings.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 13–37°C · Soil: Well-drained loam, not saline · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Aug–Sep (budded) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
The high-yield mandarin of NW India — loves hot dry summers and cool winters; needs good drainage and regular potassium for juicy fruit.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–30°C (needs winter chill) · Soil: Deep, well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Jan (grafted, dormant) · Harvest: Fruits in 2–3 yrs
A hill-and-foothill stone fruit that needs a cold winter to fruit well; low-chill varieties suit the warmer foothills. Thin fruit for size and prune yearly.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–28°C (needs winter chill) · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Jan (grafted, dormant) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
A temperate stone fruit for the hills and foothills; most types need a pollinating partner, so plant two varieties for good fruit set.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate–regular · Temperature: 5–28°C (needs winter chill) · Soil: Deep, well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Jan (grafted, dormant) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
A cold-loving hill fruit that flowers very early, so late-frost pockets can lose the crop; give it a sheltered sunny slope and prune after harvest.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 8–30°C (low-chill types for plains) · Soil: Deep, well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Jan (grafted, dormant) · Harvest: Fruits in 4–6 yrs
Hardy and long-lived; soft European pears need cold hills, but low-chill sandy-pear types (Patharnakh) crop even in the warm plains.
Sun: Full sun / part shade · Water: Regular · Temperature: 5–30°C (needs winter chill) · Soil: Deep, rich, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Jan–Feb (grafted vines) · Harvest: Fruits in 3–4 yrs
A vigorous hill-climate vine for a strong pergola — you need a male vine for every few female vines to get fruit, and shelter from wind.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: Temperate — needs cold winters · Soil: Deep, well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Dec–Feb (grafted) · Harvest: Nuts in 4–7 yrs
A large temperate hill tree grown for its nuts — needs cold winters and deep soil; grafted plants bear far sooner than seedlings. Give it space.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Sandy, well-drained coastal soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (sprouted nuts) · Harvest: Nuts in 5–7 yrs (dwarfs sooner)
The classic coastal palm — loves heat, humidity and sandy soil; dwarf hybrids fruit earlier and lower. Frost and long cold spells will kill it.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–38°C · Soil: Sandy, well-drained; tolerates poor soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (grafted/seed) · Harvest: Nuts in 3–5 yrs
A hardy coastal tree that thrives on poor sandy soil and warmth; grafted plants fruit early. The nut hangs below the fleshy cashew apple.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular, even · Temperature: 20–30°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul & Oct–Nov · Harvest: 60–80 days
Stake early. A jeevamrit drench every 2 weeks plus wood-ash for potassium boosts fruiting.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 45–55 days
A true heat-lover — perfect for Bikaner summers. Pick pods young every 2 days to keep plants producing.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 22–35°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul & Oct–Nov · Harvest: 70–85 days
Neem-oil spray manages shoot borer organically. Mulch heavily to hold moisture in summer.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul & Feb · Harvest: 70–90 days
Handles dry heat well. Buttermilk or diluted cow-urine spray deters aphids and thrips.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 25–38°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 60–70 days
Train up a trellis to save space and get straight fruit. Hand-pollinate at dawn if bees are scarce.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 50–60 days
Keep soil evenly moist or fruit turns bitter. Mulch to buffer Bikaner's heat swings.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–25°C · Soil: Rich moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Nov · Harvest: 30–45 days
A cool-season winter crop here. Cut-and-come-again: snip outer leaves and it regrows for months.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (& monsoon) · Harvest: 25–35 days
One of the easiest winter greens. Also superb as a fast microgreen — see the Microgreens tab.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Well-drained fertile loam · Sowing/Planting: Nov–Dec (transplant) · Harvest: 120–150 days
Stop watering once tops fall over to cure bulbs. Rajasthan is prime onion country.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 12–28°C · Soil: Well-drained fertile loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov · Harvest: 150–180 days
Plant biggest cloves pointy-end up. Loves the cool dry Rabi season.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 25–42°C · Soil: Sandy, poor soils fine · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul · Harvest: 50–70 days
The classic Rajasthan monsoon legume — fixes nitrogen and shrugs off drought. Great soil-builder.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 12–25°C · Soil: Rich moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Oct · Harvest: 90–110 days
Tie outer leaves over the curd to keep it white. A rich feeder — compost heavily.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 12–28°C · Soil: Loose deep sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov · Harvest: 75–90 days
Bikaner's sandy soil is ideal for straight roots. Sow direct — carrots hate being transplanted.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 28–42°C · Soil: Sandy arid soils · Sowing/Planting: Jul (Kharif) · Harvest: 70–90 days
Among the most drought-hardy pulses on earth — a desert staple that also enriches the soil.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 25–42°C · Soil: Sandy, low-fertility ok · Sowing/Planting: Jul (Kharif) · Harvest: 75–90 days
Rajasthan's grain backbone. Thrives on minimal rain where little else will grow.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Rich moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Oct · Harvest: 90–110 days
A cool-season Rabi crop and heavy feeder; keep evenly moist for tight heads.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Loose well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (seed tubers) · Harvest: 90–120 days
Grown from seed tubers, not seed. Earth up as plants grow; a cool-season crop.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 22–35°C · Soil: Sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (vine cuttings) · Harvest: 100–120 days
Heat- and drought-tolerant; grows from vine cuttings and thrives in sandy soil.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–25°C · Soil: Loose sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Feb · Harvest: 30–45 days
Fast and easy — sow direct; loose soil gives straight roots. Also a great microgreen.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 12–25°C · Soil: Deep loose loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov · Harvest: 60–80 days
A cool-season root — thin seedlings and keep moist for tender beets.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 12–22°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov · Harvest: 60–75 days
A winter legume that fixes nitrogen. Provide support; pick pods young and often.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 16–28°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov & Feb–Mar · Harvest: 45–60 days
A nitrogen-fixer in bush or pole types. Pick regularly to keep them cropping.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 18–28°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul & Oct–Nov · Harvest: 70–90 days
Like chilli but prefers milder temps — shade in extreme heat and stake heavy plants.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 90–120 days
A sprawling heat-lover that needs space, rich soil and steady water for big fruit.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 55–70 days
A vigorous climber — trellis it. Loves warm humid weather; pick young.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 55–70 days
A heat-loving climber — trellis and hand-pollinate at dawn for better set.
Sun: Part shade · Water: Regular · Temperature: 22–32°C humid · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Apr–May (rhizome) · Harvest: 8–10 months
Grows from rhizome pieces in warm humid shade — mulch heavily. Loves NE/coastal climates.
Sun: Part shade · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Apr–Jun (rhizome) · Harvest: 8–9 months
Like ginger — rhizome-grown, humid warmth, heavy mulch; a good understorey crop.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Very low · Temperature: 25–40°C · Soil: Any well-drained; sandy is fine · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (seed / cutting) · Harvest: Pods in 8–12 months
A fast, drought-proof superfood tree — perfect for arid India. Grows easily from cuttings; prune to keep pods reachable.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Any well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Aug · Harvest: 25–40 days
A hardy leafy green that shrugs off heat — cut-and-come-again and very easy.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul & Feb · Harvest: 45–70 days
A drought-hardy nitrogen-fixing legume for pods and beans — a great arid soil-builder.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Loose sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (kharif) · Harvest: 100–120 days
Its pegs push into the soil to form pods, so keep the ground loose and add gypsum at flowering for well-filled nuts.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (kharif) · Harvest: 85–100 days
One of the most drought-hardy oilseeds — thrives on heat; harvest as capsules turn yellow before they shatter.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 110–140 days
The classic North Indian rabi oilseed — a cool-weather crop; pick tender leaves early for sarson saag and let the rest pod for oil.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 120–150 days
A hardy winter pulse that fixes its own nitrogen — avoid overwatering; the leaves' natural acid deters many pests.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–33°C · Soil: Wide range, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (kharif); rabi in south · Harvest: 100–120 days
A tough dryland grain and fodder crop — deep-rooted and heat-proof; birds love the ripening heads, so net or scare them.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 60–70 days
A summer gourd of the dry NW — pick the apple-sized fruits young and tender; grows fast on warm, well-drained ground.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 28–42°C · Soil: Sandy, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Mar–Jul · Harvest: 70–90 days
A true Rajasthan desert cucurbit — thrives on heat and little water; the small fruits are dried and ground into a tangy souring powder.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate–regular · Temperature: 24–34°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jan–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 90–110 days
A vigorous vine giving huge waxy-white fruits that store for months — give it a strong support or let it ramble, and feed well.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (cuttings) · Harvest: Bears in 60–75 days, then for years
A hardy perennial climber — one planting from cuttings fruits for years with little care; give it a trellis and trim to keep it in bounds.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 60–75 days
Pick young for a tender vegetable, or let mature fruits dry on the vine to make natural scrubbing sponges (loofah).
Sun: Part sun · Water: High / regular · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Rich moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Apr (corms) · Harvest: 5–7 months (leaves sooner)
A moisture-loving crop for shadier, damp spots — both the corms and the young leaves (patra) are eaten; never let it dry out.
Sun: Part–full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 25–35°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Apr (corm pieces) · Harvest: 7–9 months
Plant a corm piece with a bud in warm weather; it needs a long season but is almost pest-free and stores well after harvest.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: 70–90 days
Plant in a block of short rows, not a single line, so wind can pollinate the cobs; pick when the silks brown and kernels are milky.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 90–110 days
A cool-season bean that fixes nitrogen — sow after the monsoon, give a little support, and pick pods young for the tenderest beans.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–22°C · Soil: Loose well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 45–60 days
A fast winter root — sow direct and thin early; pull while young and tender, and don't waste the nutritious green tops.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 12–24°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 55–70 days
Grow the swollen stem as a mild, crunchy vegetable — harvest at tennis-ball size before it turns woody; a quick, easy cool-season crop.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 12–24°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Oct (rabi) · Harvest: 70–90 days
A cool-season head — cut the central head before the buds open, then keep feeding and watering for a flush of smaller side shoots.
Sun: Part–full sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–22°C · Soil: Rich moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Sep–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 40–60 days
A quick winter salad green — keep it cool, moist and lightly shaded; pick outer leaves as needed and harvest before summer heat turns it bitter.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 13–25°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov & Feb (sets/seed) · Harvest: 40–60 days
The fastest onion — grow from sets or seed and snip the green tops as you need them; re-grows a few times from the base in cool weather.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: Leaves year-round
Pinch flower spikes to keep leaves coming. Frost-tender — move pots in on cold Bikaner nights.
Sun: Part shade · Water: Regular · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Moist rich loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (runners) · Harvest: Cut as needed
Give it afternoon shade and steady moisture in summer. Contain it in a pot — it spreads aggressively.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 15–28°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov · Harvest: 30–45 days
Crush seeds lightly before sowing for faster germination. Bolts fast in heat — a winter crop here.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–37°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul · Harvest: Leaves year-round
Slow at first, then unstoppable. Pinch tips to bush it out; buttermilk spray keeps leaves glossy.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar · Harvest: Leaves as needed
The thick-leaved houseplant ajwain is almost impossible to kill — ideal for a beginner's balcony.
Sun: Bright, some direct · Water: Very low · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Gritty, fast-draining · Sowing/Planting: Any (pups) · Harvest: Mature leaves
A desert succulent that loves Bikaner. Water only when soil is bone-dry; never let it sit wet.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 22–38°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar · Harvest: Stalks after 4–6 mo
Fast-growing, pest-repellent clump. Divide every couple of years to keep it vigorous.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar & Jun–Jul · Harvest: Leaves in 40–60 days
Culinary basil (distinct from tulsi). Pinch flower tips for bushy leaf; frost-tender.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Sandy well-drained; tolerates poor · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul · Harvest: Roots in 5–6 months
A hardy medicinal for dry climates, grown for its roots — minimal water; ideal for Rajasthan.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–30°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (cutting) · Harvest: Leaves in 3–4 months
A natural sweetener leaf — grows from cuttings; pinch to bush out and protect from frost.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–30°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 110–120 days
Rajasthan & Gujarat's signature rabi spice — sow in cool weather, keep fairly dry, and avoid overhead watering near flowering to prevent blight.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 15–28°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 150–180 days
A cool-season aromatic seed crop; give it space, steady light watering and a long winter to fill the umbels.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Light sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Nov (rabi) · Harvest: 110–130 days
India grows most of the world's psyllium husk in dry NW belts — needs cool dry weather; a single unseasonal rain at maturity can ruin the crop.
Sun: Part shade · Water: Regular · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Rich, moist, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Bears in 3–4 yrs
The 'king of spices' — a humidity-loving vine that climbs a shade tree or post in the warm, wet coasts and Ghats; needs steady moisture and dappled light.
Sun: Shade / filtered light · Water: Regular · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Rich, moist forest loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (suckers) · Harvest: Bears in 2–3 yrs
'Queen of spices' from the shaded, humid Western Ghats — grow it in cool, moist, dappled shade with rich soil; it dislikes direct sun and drought.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 25–45°C · Soil: Tolerates poor, dry, alkaline soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul or Feb–Mar (cuttings/seed) · Harvest: Leaves in 4–6 months
A tough arid-belt shrub (Rajasthan's Sojat is the henna capital) — thrives on heat and neglect; dry and powder the leaves for natural dye and conditioner.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Adapts to most soils · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (slips) · Harvest: Roots in 12–18 months
An extremely hardy grass grown for its cooling, fragrant roots (khus) — plant slips along bunds to bind soil; its deep roots also fight erosion.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 10–25°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: Leaves in 40–60 days
A feathery cool-season herb — sow direct (it dislikes transplanting), snip leaves young, and let some run to seed for the aromatic seeds.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Any well-drained soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (stem cuttings) · Harvest: Stems anytime once established
A hardy medicinal climber that grows almost anywhere from a cutting; let it climb a tree or trellis — stems grown on neem are prized in Ayurveda.
Sun: Part sun · Water: High / regular · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Moist, even marshy soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Leaves in 2–3 months
A creeping moisture-loving herb famed for memory — grow it in a wet, shaded spot or even a water tray; it spreads fast as a green mat.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: High / regular · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Moist loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (seed/cuttings) · Harvest: Leaves in 2–3 months
A monsoon herb of damp field edges, prized for hair — keep it well-watered; the leaf juice is the classic base of Ayurvedic hair oils.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Light, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul (seed/cuttings) · Harvest: Leaves in 60–80 days
A sun-loving Mediterranean herb that hates wet feet — grow it lean and dry for the strongest flavour, and pinch flowers to keep leaves coming.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 15–28°C · Soil: Gritty, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar (seed/cuttings) · Harvest: Leaves in 70–90 days
A tough little drought-hardy herb — give it sharp drainage and sun, water sparingly, and trim regularly to keep it compact and bushy.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 15–30°C · Soil: Sandy, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Sprigs in 4–6 months
An evergreen Mediterranean shrub — grow it dry and sunny; root cuttings are easier than seed, and good drainage is the whole secret to keeping it alive.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Regular · Temperature: 10–25°C · Soil: Rich, moist, well-drained · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (rabi) · Harvest: Leaves in 70–90 days
A cool-season leafy herb — seed is slow to sprout (soak overnight to speed it), then keep it moist and pick outer stems as you need them.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Year-round (best Jun & Sep) · Harvest: Blooms in 45–60 days
The easiest, most rewarding flower — pinch early for bushy plants, deadhead often, and use it as a natural pest-repellent border in the veg patch.
Sun: Full sun (5–6 hrs) · Water: Regular · Temperature: 15–28°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Oct–Nov (cuttings/grafts) · Harvest: Blooms in 8–12 weeks
Feed heavily and prune in winter for a spring flush; mulch the roots and water at the base to keep black-spot and mildew away.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Blooms much of the year
A hardy, long-flowering shrub — light regular feeding keeps blooms coming; protect from hard frost and prune lightly to shape.
Sun: Full–part sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–32°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings/layering) · Harvest: Blooms in summer–monsoon
Fragrant and beloved — prune after the main flush, feed at bud time, and keep it slightly root-bound in pots for more flowers.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–40°C · Soil: Well-drained, tolerates poor soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Blooms in flushes
Thrives on neglect and heat — the drier and sunnier, the more it flowers; withhold water briefly to trigger a colour flush, and prune hard to shape.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–35°C · Soil: Any well-drained soil · Sowing/Planting: Feb–Mar or Jun–Jul (seed) · Harvest: Blooms nearly year-round
Almost indestructible — flowers non-stop through heat with little care and self-seeds happily; also a traditional medicinal plant.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 15–25°C · Soil: Rich well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) for winter bloom · Harvest: Blooms Nov–Feb
A cool-season showstopper — pinch through the monsoon for a dome of blooms, and give short winter days plus feeding for big flowers.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 20–42°C · Soil: Tolerates poor, dry, alkaline soil · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings) · Harvest: Blooms most of the year
A tough arid-belt flowering shrub that shrugs off heat and drought. Note: all parts are poisonous if eaten — plant it away from small children and pets.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 20–30°C · Soil: Well-drained loam · Sowing/Planting: Jan–Feb or Jun–Jul (seed) · Harvest: Blooms in 60–75 days
Fast, cheerful and easy from seed — give it full sun and space; the heads follow the sun and later yield edible seeds for you and the birds.
Sun: Full sun · Water: Low · Temperature: 22–38°C · Soil: Well-drained sandy loam · Sowing/Planting: Mar–Jun (cuttings) · Harvest: Blooms in summer
A fragrant, drought-hardy small tree — root a cutting after drying the cut end; water sparingly and protect from frost, which it dislikes.
Sun: Low–bright indirect · Water: Very low · Temperature: 18–35°C · Soil: Fast-draining cactus mix · Sowing/Planting: Any (division)
The ultimate low-care air purifier — releases oxygen at night, so good for bedrooms. Ignore it and it thrives.
Sun: Low–bright indirect · Water: Low · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Any potting mix / water · Sowing/Planting: Any (cutting)
Roots in a bottle of water. Let it dry between waterings; trims into a lush trailing curtain.
Sun: Low–bright indirect · Water: Very low · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Fast-draining mix · Sowing/Planting: Any (division)
Water-storing rhizomes make it drought-proof — perfect for the forgetful or the frequently-travelling.
Sun: Bright indirect · Water: Moderate · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Rich well-drained mix · Sowing/Planting: Any
A natural humidifier — freshens dry Bikaner air. Keep evenly moist, never soggy, out of harsh direct sun.
Sun: Bright indirect · Water: Low–moderate · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Any potting mix · Sowing/Planting: Any (plantlets)
Hardy, forgiving purifier that pumps out baby plantlets you can pot up endlessly and gift.
Sun: Low–medium indirect · Water: Regular · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Rich moist mix · Sowing/Planting: Any (division)
Superb purifier but dislikes dry heat — keep in a shaded, misted spot. Note: toxic to pets if chewed.
Sun: Bright indirect light · Water: Moderate — let the top few cm dry · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Well-drained potting mix · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (cuttings)
A glossy, easy statement plant — wipe the big leaves to keep them shining, and avoid overwatering, which drops leaves. Prune to keep it bushy.
Sun: Bright indirect light · Water: Moderate — when top 3–5 cm is dry · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Rich, well-drained aroid mix · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (stem cuttings)
Give it a moss pole to climb and it rewards you with big, split leaves; too little light keeps leaves small and un-split.
Sun: Bright light, some direct sun · Water: Low — let soil dry fully · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Gritty, fast-draining cactus mix · Sowing/Planting: Warm months (leaf/stem cuttings)
A forgiving succulent — the commonest mistake is overwatering; water only when leaves feel slightly soft, and give bright light for compact growth.
Sun: Bright indirect light · Water: Grows in water or soil · Temperature: 18–32°C · Soil: Water with pebbles, or well-drained mix · Sowing/Planting: Any time (stem cuttings)
Grows happily in a vase of water — change the water weekly, keep it topped over the roots, and use filtered or rain water since it dislikes chlorine/fluoride.
Sun: Bright indirect light · Water: Moderate — keep lightly moist · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Loose, airy, well-drained mix · Sowing/Planting: Division / stem cuttings
Prized for its glossy red/pink spathes — give warmth, humidity and bright indirect light for near year-round flowers; avoid soggy soil.
Sun: Low to bright indirect light · Water: Moderate — top 2–3 cm dry · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Rich, well-drained mix · Sowing/Planting: Jun–Jul (stem cuttings)
One of the most forgiving trailers — tolerates low light and neglect; pinch tips to keep it full and let it trail or climb a pole.
Sun: Low to medium indirect light · Water: Moderate — let top dry · Temperature: 18–30°C · Soil: Well-drained potting mix · Sowing/Planting: Division / stem cuttings
A colourful, low-light champion — perfect for shady corners; keep it warm (it hates cold draughts) and don't overwater in winter.
Sun: Bright indirect light · Water: High — keep evenly moist · Temperature: 18–28°C · Soil: Rich, moisture-retentive mix · Sowing/Planting: Division
Loves humidity — mist often or stand it on a pebble tray, never let it dry out, and keep it away from hot direct sun and dry draughts.
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Guidance is compiled general reference for Indian home growing — confirm varieties and quantities with your local KVK/ICAR source for commercial planting.